Encapsulation in java programming (V52) ~ Softkh

Encapsulation in java programming (V52)

Encapsulation

In object-oriented programming, encapsulation is the process of binding data members (attributes) and methods together. Encapsulation restricts direct access to important data. A good example of the encapsulation concept is creating a class in which data members are private and methods are public, so they can be accessed through an object. In this case, only methods are allowed to access those private data.

Encapsulation in Java is an object-oriented programming concept in which the fields (variables) of a class are kept private, and access to them is provided through public methods (getters and setters). It helps protect data and control access permissions.

Create Project Name: Encapsulation

Source Code: Student.java

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public class Student {
    // Step 1: Private fields
    private String name;
    private int age;
    private String studentId;

    // Step 2: Public getter and setter methods for each field

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        // You can add validation here
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        // Example of simple validation
        if (age > 0) {
            this.age = age;
        } else {
            System.out.println("Age must be positive.");
        }
    }

    public String getStudentId() {
        return studentId;
    }

    public void setStudentId(String studentId) {
        this.studentId = studentId;
    }
}

Source Code: Encapsulation.java

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public class Encapsulation {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Student student = new Student();

        // Using setters to set data
        student.setName("Alice");
        student.setAge(20);
        student.setStudentId("S12345");

        // Using getters to access data
        System.out.println("Name: " + student.getName());
        System.out.println("Age: " + student.getAge());
        System.out.println("Student ID: " + student.getStudentId());
    }
}

Result: